Choosing a Food for Your Small Dog
The nutritional needs of small breed dogs are unique, so to help your tiny canine look and feel their very best it's important to provide them with food that fulfills their needs at each stage of life.
You might be surprised to learn that small and toy breed dogs have higher metabolic rates than their larger cousins. This means that our miniature pooches burn a surprising amount of calories throughout the day and require a diet that can meet these requirements.
The Risk of Hypoglycemia In Small Breed Puppies
When it comes to the health of small-breed puppies, one condition that is of particular concern is hypoglycemia.
Hypoglycemia occurs due to low blood sugar resulting from your small pup's fast metabolic rate combined with low sugar and body fat reserves. Signs of hypoglycemia in dogs include:
- Weakness
- Lethargy
- Poor appetite
- Twitching or tremoring
- Seizures
- Coma
Hypoglycemia can be fatal if left untreated, so choosing a diet that meets all of your small dog's needs, and helps to balance their blood sugar levels, is essential.
If your small-breed puppy is exhibiting any of the symptoms above, call your veterinarian immediately.
Best Foods for Small Breed Puppies
Most reputable dog food companies sell small-breed puppy food that is designed to provide the proper nutritional balance for small-breed dogs. Smaller kibbles are also common in small dog foods, making it easier for small-breed puppies to chew. Smaller kibbles are also thought to pose less of a choking hazard than larger kibbles.
If you have a small-breed puppy, speak to your vet about the risks of hypoglycemia and what steps you can take to help prevent it in your small-breed fur baby. Your vet will be able to calculate your puppy's caloric requirements and recommend brands formulated to meet the needs of your small breed pooch.
Best Foods for Small Breed Adult Dogs
Your vet has access to the latest research on dog nutrition and is in the best position to recommend the right food for your small-breed dog.
Depending on the overall health of your dog your vet may recommend a brand specially formulated to help with skin problems, joint health, or others conditions.
Knowing how much food to feed your small dog is essential. While your little pooch needs plenty of calories to keep its speedy metabolism running smoothly, it's important not to overfeed your small dog.
Obesity is thought to shorten your pup's life by up to two years, and carrying extra weight puts your small dog at risk for a variety of serious health conditions such as osteoarthritis, diabetes, respiratory problems, and heart disease.
Once you have chosen a brand to feed your pooch, ask your vet to calculate how much and how often you should feed your small-breed dog.
Best Foods For Small Breed Senior Dogs
One of the great things about small breed dogs is that they typically live longer than medium and large breed dogs. On average small breed dogs live about 15 years.
This is one of the reasons why choosing high-quality adult food is critical from the time your dog graduates from puppy food. Reducing your pup's risk of developing health problems later in life will go a long way toward ensuring that your small breed pooch remains active and healthy in its senior years.
If you have a senior small breed dog, ask your vet to review the nutritional qualities of the food you're currently feeding your pup to ensure that all of your dog's needs are being met.
While most high-quality dog foods formulated for small breeds will meet your dog's nutritional needs throughout their senior years, your vet may recommend a formulation to help treat any health concerns your pup may have such as GI problems, sensitive skin, or coat issues.
Changing Your Small Dog's Food
Regardless of the size of your dog, changing their food can cause some unexpected consequences in the form of gastrointestinal upset. The best way to transition your canine pal to a new food is in gradual steps.
Begin by mixing about 25% new food along with their regular food for 3 or 4 days and monitor your dog for any signs of tummy upset such as gas, or loose stools.
If your dog is doing well with the new food gradually increase the proportion of new food to about 50% and continue to monitor your dog for any reactions to their change of diet.
Your dog's digestive tract should become accustomed to the new food after about 10 - 14 days, at which point you can complete the transition. If your dog's gastrointestinal upset persists, seek advice from your veterinarian. It may take a longer, more gradual transition to the new food, or it may not be the right food for your little friend.